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| location map = Belarus | map size = 250 | map caption= Location of Pińsk Ghetto in modern day Belarus | latd = 52 | latm = 07 | lats = | latNS = N | longd = 26 | longm = 6 | longs = | longEW = E | coordinates type = region:PL-MA_type:landmark | coordinates display = inline,title | known for = The Holocaust in Poland | location = Bronna Góra, Polesie Voivodeship, occupied Second Polish Republic | date = May 1942 – November 1942 | incident_type = Mass killings over execution pits dug in the forest | perpetrators = | participants = | organizations = | camp = | ghetto = Brześć, Bereza, Janów Poleski, Kobryń, Horodec (pl), Pińsk Ghetto | victims = 50,000 Jews | survivors = | witnesses = | documentation = | memorials = | notes = }} Bronna Góra (or Bronna Mount in English, (ベラルーシ語:Бронная Гара, ''Bronnaja Hara'')) is the name given to a secluded location in the eastern territory of occupied Poland during World War II, where mass killings of Polish Jews were carried out by Nazi Germany. The area was invaded by the Soviet Union in 1939, and captured by the Wehrmacht two years later in Operation Barbarossa. It is estimated that from May 1942 until November of that year, during the most deadly phase of the Holocaust in Poland, some 50,000 Jews were murdered at Bronna Góra over execution pits. The victims were delivered in Holocaust trains from the Jewish ghettos in Brześć, Bereza, Janów Poleski, Kobryń, Horodec (pl), Antopol and other places along the western border of the ''Reichskommissariat Ostland'' (present-day West Belarus).〔AŻIH, ( Bronna Góra (Bronnaja Gora) - miejsce masowych egzekucji. ) Museum of the History of Polish Jews ''Virtual Shtetl'' 2014. 〕〔( The Brest Ghetto Passport Archive (former Soviet Union). ) JewishGen 2014.〕〔( Ghetto liquidation "Aktion", four days beginning October 15, 1942. ) International Jewish Cemetery Project, with links to resources. Accessed 〕 ==Background== After a century of foreign domination, Poland regained independence at the end of World War I. Bronna Góra was assigned to rural gmina Piaski (powiat kosowski) of the Polesie Voivodeship in the Second Polish Republic, and remained there until the Nazi-Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939.〔''Echa Polesia'' 3 (39) 2013, ( Miejsca Pamięci Narodowej, Obwód Brzeski (Places of National Memory, Brest Oblast). ) Kresy24.pl – Wschodnia Gazeta Codzienna (daily) 2014.〕 There was a forester's lodge on site run by the state inspectorate,〔Aleksandra Karpowicz, ( Bronna Góra, wieś (Village of Bronna Gora); leśniczówka. ) Radzima.net 2014.〕 but more importantly, there was also a railway stop at the edge of the woods whose purpose became ominous two years later.〔 Bronna Góra became the location of secluded massacres in 1942, with trainloads of Jews transported and dislodged there from the Ghetto in Brześć, the Pińsk Ghetto,〔Barbara Krawcowicz, ( Holocaust w Polsce – kalendarium. ) Forum Żydów Polskich.〕 and all other ghettos created by Nazi Germany in the area.〔( Pińsk – Virtual Shtetl. ) ''Elektroniczna Encyklopedia Żydowska.'' Retrieved June 3, 2014.〕〔The statistical data compiled on the basis of ( "Glossary of 2,077 Jewish towns in Poland" ) by ''Virtual Shtetl'' Museum of the History of the Polish Jews , as well as ( "Getta Żydowskie," by ''Gedeon'', ) and ( "Ghetto List" ) by Michael Peters at ARC. . Accessed 〕 Following the Soviet invasion of 1939 in accordance with the Nazi–Soviet Pact against Poland, Bronna Góra along with most of Polesie was annexed into the Soviet Belarus (doubling its size) after the NKVD-staged elections decided in the atmosphere of terror.〔Bernd Wegner (1997). ''(From peace to war: Germany, Soviet Russia, and the world, 1939–1941. )'' Berghahn Books. p. 74. ISBN 1-57181-882-0.〕〔(Stosunki polsko-białoruskie pod okupacją sowiecką, ) (''Polish-Byelorussian relations under the Soviet occupation''). ''Bialorus.pl'' 〕 All citizens previously living but also born in Poland would live in the Byelorussian SSR from then on, as the Soviet subjects, not Polish.〔Norman Davies, ''God's Playground'' (Polish edition), second volume, pp. 512–513.〕 However, the Soviet rule was short-lived because the corresponding terms of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact signed earlier in Moscow were broken when the German army crossed the Soviet occupation zone on June 22, 1941. From 1941 to 1943 the province was under the control of Nazi Germany, govern by the collaborationist Belarusian Central Council supported by the Nazi Belarusian battalions of the Home Defence.〔( Andrew Wilson, ''Belarus: The Last European Dictatorship'', Yale University Press 2011. Page 109. )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bronna Góra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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